Glossary - Eumos

Best practices in Cargo Securing: Elements and techniques proven to guarantee safety to cargo by mathematical calculation, testing and practice. It includes elements aimed at neutralising unwanted behaviour of cargo.

Blockchain: Information storage system building on independent and decentralized blocks linked via cryptographic algorithms. It ensures the integrity and immutability of the stored and distributed information and allows date entry verification such as delivery or reception of the European Safety Card.

CTU – Cargo Transport Unit: A freight container, swap body, vehicle, railway wagon or similar particularly when used in intermodal transport.

Cargo: Goods placed in or on the part of the vehicle (CTU) designed to carry a load and that are not permanently fixed to the vehicle, including objects within load carriers such as crates, swap bodies or containers.

Cargo Securing: A set of measures to secure all kinds of packages and load units to a vehicle (cargo transport unit) with the aim of immobilising them during packing, transport and unpacking for a delivery at destination without any damage and without causing damage to other assets or the environment. The package has to be kept in place and upright without deformation, sliding or tilting by means counteracting the forces exposed to during transport such as acceleration.

Competent Authority: A public authority to which a Member State entrusts the management of the technical roadside inspection system and – where appropriate – the performance of such inspections.

Decentralization: Control system by a distributed network of nodes in Blockchain as opposed to a unique centralized control body. The nodes make decisions on the basis of all the node pool of information leading to an end result.

Dwell Time: Time period of constant acceleration at a specified level.

Editor of the European Cargo Safety Card: Person who draws up the European Cargo Safety Card and acquires responsibility.

Enveloping Bar: The smallest rectangular parallelepiped that envelopes the load unit.

European Cargo Safety Card: in multiple places at the same time. Unlike most databases, distributed ledgers have no central data store or administration functionality, ensuring the immutability and temporary seal of a single entry.

External Driver: Person who independently or on behalf of others professionally drives a vehicle destined to carry freight for third parties, being able to carry out timely work of securing the load, as well as loading and / or unloading operations if agreed.

Fence: Two or more poles that are interconnected. There is no connection with the walls nor the roof of the vehicle.

Forklift: Warehouse vehicle equipped with a pulley system and a mast through which forks or other implements circulate that allow handling and transporting of cargo in a warehouse or other type of logistics facility.

Forklift Operator: Person who professionally drives a forklift and is qualified to perform the work responsibly

Groupage: Combination of loads of different loaders or shippers carried by the same vehicle or CTU(Cargo Transport Unit)

ITU – Indermodal transport unit: It is a transport format that can be used by various transportation modalities to transport goods such as containers, mobile boxes, exchange bodies or others.

Inspector of Cargo Securing: A person authorized by a Member State or its competent authority to carry out initial technical roadside inspections and / or

Jerk Time: Is the rate at which an object’s acceleration changes with respect to time. Jerk is expressed in m/s³ or in standard gravities per second.

LCL – Less than Container Load: Freight forwarders shipping product where cargo from multiple customers is consolidated into one standard shipping container.

Length, Width, Height of a Load Unit: Length (longest horizontal side of the smallest enveloping bar), width (shortest horizontal side of the smallest enveloping bar), height of the smallest enveloping bar, with its base surface on a horizontal plane. Sketch for understanding the concept of the enveloping bar is described in Annex A.

Liability: Legal content of the European Cargo Safety Cards that should contain a reference to the chain of responsibilities of all participants in transport and stowage operations of the load.

Load Unit: Indivisible piece of cargo protected and/or stabilised by cargo securing as a complete piece.

Loading Platform: A platform that supports the cargo and does so in direct contact with the transport packaging of the cargo if applicable. The loading platform can be flat or have a specific shape. Loading platforms can have an open structure as is the case for trailers used in forest industry. In case the vehicle is a container or a swap body, the floor of the container/swap body should be considered as the loading platform.

Own Driver: Person who on behalf of a company professionally drives a vehicle for the transport of company-owned goods being able to carry out timely work of securing the load, as well as loading and / or unloading operations if agreed.

Packaging for Transport: Group of elements that wrap, protect and support goods in an appropriate way to make a journey according to technical and regulatory criteria.

Platform Level Force: If the force from the cargo on a mounted pole applies just above the level of the loading platform (maximum 0.2m height), this force is called a platform level force. The applied force can be a distribute force, a point load or a mixture of both.

Pole: A straight or curved profile mounted on the loading platform of a vehicle – either com- pletely fixed or mounted in such a way that it can be easily dismounted – designed and built to restrain sliding and tilting of cargo. The profile can be reinforced in the zone of its mounting on the platform or even in the zone above. A pole is not connected to the roof nor to the walls of the vehicle.

Reference Bloking Capacity: The maximum force a specific mounted pole can resist to, depends on the height of the point of application of the forces on the pole. The reference blocking capacity RBC is the maximum horizontal static force a pole and its mounting on the vehicle can resist to without any permanent deformation, assumed that the force is uniformly distributed over a height of 1m starting from the loading platform upwards. This means that a point load of RBC can be applied at a height of 0.5m as far as no local deformation occurs. The blocking capacity is always specified for a certain direction and a certain sense (e.g. straight forward, e.g. transverse outward).

Rigidity: The load unit is rigid under specific acceleration in a given direction if the deformation and relative movements of parts of a test load unit of that type are less than the acceptable u limits as defined in this standard. Depending on the dimensions and the position of the center of gravity, a rigid type of load unit might tilt under the specified acceleration.

Slenderness Ratio: Ratio between height and width of a load unit measured from bottom to height and width of center of gravity.

Stowage: Placing, distribution, protection and suitable securing of cargo in the interior of the vehicle or cargo transport unit that has been delivered to the carrier safely packed with the aim to be transported safely to its destination.

Stowage Techniques: Techniques authorized within technical standards for each mode of transport.

Stowage Unit: Unification of the pieces of cargo to be fastened or immobilized in such a way that they behave as a single unit. This is a necessary and a basic first step to safely hold loose goods before stowing.

Technical Inspection: An inspection in accordance with Article 3 point 9 of EU Directive 2014/45/EU

Technical Inspection on the Road: Technical inspection of the roadworthiness of a commercial vehicle carried out by the competent authorities of a Member State or under their direct supervision.

Test Load Unit: One single load unit of a certain type of load unit. One or more test load units are subject to a specific acceleration test to determine the rigidity of that type of load unit in a certain direction. The packaging of a test load unit should be intact on starting the test.

Test Loading Platform (TLP): Platform that can support a test load unit, that can be accelerated in a controlled manner as described in this normative and with either a horizontal top surface with sufficient friction to prevent sliding of the test load unit relative to this platform during accelerations or a blocking device with a maximum height of 25 mm placed at a distance from load unit no greater than 10 mm. A test loading platform could have a front wall, a rear wall, and sidewalls.

Tracking Code Number: Group of numbers, letters or characters that allow locating or consulting a European Cargo Safety Card.

Trusted Service Provider: Trust qualified service provider in accordance with Regulation (EU) No. 910/2014 on electronic identification and trusted services for electronic transactions (eIDAS) providing for the expedition of qualification certificates.

Vehicle: Cargo transport unit for road transport including commercial vehicles with a maximum total mass above 3.5 ton (UNECE classes N2 and N3), including trailers (full trailers, semi-trailers and center-axle trailers according to UNECE classes O3 and O4), including swap bodies, ISO containers and flatbed containers. Vehicles designed and constructed exclusively for the transportation of specific cargo with particular securing facilities such as trailers for transport of prefab concrete walls, are not included.